宾语从句解析 宾语从句范例
- 游戏心得
- 2024-12-24 09:55
- 1
我是一名英语过了大学六级的学生,对于宾语从句,下面的讲解,你参考一下
宾语从句解析 宾语从句范例
宾语从句解析 宾语从句范例
想知道什么是宾语从句,我们需要清楚明白什么是“主谓宾”。
1.先来看看什么是“主语”
如中文:我喜欢
主语是“我”。
.2.谓语又是什么东西?
这里的谓语是“喜欢”。
谓语表明“主语”要干什么,上面主语是“我”,我要干什么呢?我喜欢,所以说“喜欢”是谓语,在英语的世界里,谓语也叫动词,两种叫法。
..
3.宾语是动词的执行对象。
那“喜欢”什么呢?
..
喜欢它,喜欢你,喜欢英语。
上面“它,你,英语”,就是动词“喜欢”的执行对象,这个就是宾语。
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4.回到英文:
I like it . 我喜欢它
I like you. 我喜欢你
I like English. 我喜欢英语
I like是主语+谓语,那么"it , you ,English"就是宾语了,非常简单。
..
重点来了,现在我们知道
比如
I know you 我知道你
(是主谓宾结构)
什么叫从句?我把宾语变成一个句子叫做什么从句?宾语从句。
看到上面这个句子了吧?主谓宾。 宾语从句是什么?宾语从句就是把宾语位置的单词变成句子,就叫做宾语从句
那么很多人说,这个“that”是干什么的?这个“that” 什么意义都没有。
英文用“that”告诉你:从句开始啦!!多好啊!!它提醒你从句开始啦!!
如I beli that you are rich
I say that you are rich
I trust that you are rich
简单不,还用学吗?理解这个,其它的主语从句,表达从句,状语从句等等,都已解了,就是一句讲完,把相应位置的单词,变成句子,就是从句了。
或者有些人会疑问,为什么好好的单词需要变成句子呢?表达不够详细啊。
.如
我知道你。
我知道你有钱。
.下面这个是不是更详细一点?这个“你”是一个单词,而“你有钱”是一个句子。
所以语言这个东西,别人是不可能无端端创作出来的,肯定是有用途才会有相应的规律诞生,只要我们掌握这些规律,才会变成学习轻松。
英语只有3句:
.我是年华,希望你喜欢了,谢谢!
宾语从句
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.
时态:1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时。
2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3·主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。
1.宾语从句的连接词
从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,wher.
that表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和wher表示“是否”的宾语从句.
He told that he would go to the college the next year
他告诉我他下一年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobody knew wher he could pass the exam.
没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词
连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whor ,whomr ,whosr, whatr, whichr等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatr除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert ?
你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?
I don’t know whom you should depend on.
我不知道你该依靠谁.
The book will show you what the best CEOs know.
这本书会告诉你的执行总裁该了解些什么.
He you determined whichr you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenr,wherr,howr等.
He didn’t l me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please l me how yoead the new panel?
你能展示给我怎么用这个新的作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
2.动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would us though the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I he found out that all the tickets for the concert he been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your s before you turn them in.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,beli等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water ry day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I hen’t been to the get-toger.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I he made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时寻要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, he, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will he it that our plan is really practical.
他会认为我们的确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
3.介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about wher we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升如太空的.
用that,if的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
4.形容词的宾语从句
常用来宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I he troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
5.if,wher在宾语从句中的区别
①if和wher在作“是否”解时,宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
②少数动词,如:lee,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用wher.
③wher后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④在不定式前只能用wher.
如: I can’t decide wher to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
⑤避免歧异时,我们常用wher而不用if.
6.哪些宾语从句不可以省略词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
7.宾语从句的否定转移
主句的谓语动词是think,beli,imagine,supe,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t beli that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.
We find that he nr listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
8.宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时的时候,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时的时候
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个读书,可不知道是哪个.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<老人与海>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉的了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问是否会采取必要的措施骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时候不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their forite singer this year?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
宾语从句,即:在主句中担当宾语的从句。学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。
连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which(指事),who(指人)
1.从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连。
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或wher。在wher…ornot结构中不能用if替换。
3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。
注意:当who为主语时,句式为:who+谓语+其他三:判断时态情况:
1。主句是一般现在时,从句为各种时态情况
2。主句是一般过去时,从句为各种相应过去时态注意:从句描绘客观事实,用一般现在时
1. The teacher told the children that the sun____ round.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
2. I beli that our team____ the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. will win D. wins
3. I don’t know____ to visit the old man.
A. wher B. if C. that D. who
The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers used as a school.
A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where
答:选B,动词reach后接宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,where不可,which宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义,不知道哪一座庙宇,而是用what从句表陈述含义,意“过去的一座旧庙宇”;temple后为对其修饰的定语从句,用关系代词which代替,并在从句中作动词used的宾语,use sth. as…“把…用作…
wher + or not
宾语从句,在复合句中作宾语,位于及物动词后;
eg. Tell him which class you are in .
Do you know what he likes?
注:(1)主、从句时态一致:
主句谓语过去时,从句相应过去时;
He answered that he was listening to me.
主句谓语现在时,从句时态任所需;
eg. He says (that) he will lee a message on my desk.
They know (that) he is working hard.
具体过去变,真理格言现在时;
eg.He told me that he was born in 1980.
Father told me that pract makes perfect .
(2)否定前移,及完成反意问句;
在think / beli / supe / guess / imagine / expect等动词后跟宾语从句否定式时,应转移到主句上去,完成反意问句时,应与从句主、谓保持一致。(注: 否定前移的条件是,主句主语是人称)
eg. I don't think you are right ,are you ?
I don't beli they he finished their work yet,he they ?
(3)在表示建议 suggest , aise
要求demand 、desire、require、request、proe;
决定 decide;
命令 order、command;
坚决主张 insist;
等动词后跟宾语从句,用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)
eg. I suggested that you(should)study hard.
He ordered that we should go out at once.
(4)如果宾语从句后有宾语补语,用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句后置
eg.You may think it strange that he would live there.
(5)宾语从句that常可省略,但在以下情况下不能省略
A.当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,可以省略个that,其他不能省略。
eg.I beli(that)you he done your best and that things will get bet?鄄ter.
B.当it作形式宾语时
eg.She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.
C.当宾语从句前置时
eg.That our team will win,I beli.
给你个链接,有详细介绍
宾语从句是初中中考中必考的考点,有些同学总在此处出问题,其实只要你掌握了窍门,宾语从句很简单就是五个字:三步两转,下面具体讲解一下。
首先我们来了解一下什么是宾语从句?
一、定义:在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句,前面的句子叫做主句。
有些同学又说了,考试卷中这么多道题,哪一道是考宾语从句呀?
问题问得好,我们先要学会在试卷中寻找出宾语从句考点。这也是在题海如云的考试中解决宾语从句的前提!
顾名思义,宾语从句在句子中所充当的成分是宾语,能接宾语的只有两种词性的词,哪两种?对,动词和介词。那么, 判读是否是考查宾语从句无外乎三种情况:
1、动词+宾语从句
如:My sister said_____________.
A. if she would go there
B. that she would go there
C. that she will go there
2、介词+宾语从句
如: Good marks depend on_______________.
A. that you he tried your best
B. if you he tried your best
C. wher you he tried your best
3、动词+人(间接宾语)+宾语从句(直接宾语)
英语中 有些动词是可以接两个宾语的,叫做双宾语,例如:give sth, show sth, l sth, ask sth等等,前面的(某人)叫做间接宾语,sth(某事、某物)叫做直接宾语,如果直接宾语是个句子,也是宾语从句。
见上面2019哈尔滨市中考题
——Excuse me, could you l me__________?
好,宾语从句找到了,接下来呢?
4、表示感情的形容词(happy、afraid、glad、 surprised、 excited、sad等等)+宾语从句
目前把此也归结到宾语从句考点中来,考的很少,在作文中学生常常用到此句型
I am happythat you will come here to see me.
小结:以上四种情况下均为考查宾语从句
二、我们要明确宾语从句考点到底要考什么,无非以下三点:
如何正确的表达宾语从句、否定转移、 同义句转换
如何正确的表达宾语从句,也是我们的高频考点,常常在单项选择中出现,偶尔会在完型填空中出现,这就是我们要说的三步!
步:确定正确的语序
宾语从句连接词为if/wher和疑问词时要求用陈述语序。
那么如何判断宾语从句是不是陈述词序呢?
陈述语序的宾语从句结构会有两种可能:
1)连接词+主语(人或物)+谓语(动词)+其他成分
以2019哈尔滨中考题为例
A. how can Iget to the radio station
B. how I canget to the radio station
how 是连接词,I 是主语,所有的动词(包括情态动词和助动词)都要在它的后面才叫陈述语序。A是陈述语序。
再来看一个例子:Can you l me who (m) do we he to see?
who是连接词,we 是主语,do 是助动词,出现在了we的前面,如果我们不考虑是否该用do的问题,那么这种情况很明显就不是陈述语序。
do 是构成疑问问加入的助动词,在构成宾语从句时不应该再出现,正确的应该是:
Can you l me who (m) we he to see?
2)连接词+谓语(动词)+其他成分
与条对比可知,连接词后无主语了,是因为“疑问词”做连接词并且做主语
如:
What is wrong?
What is the matter?
What's the trouble?
Which is the way to ...?
What is happening?
What is going on?
Who is on duty?
Who broke the window?
以上这些情况就是陈述语序,要牢牢记住。
如: Could you l me which is the way to the shop? 不能说成Could you l me which the way to the shop?
第二步:选择正确的时态
主句的时态由从句决定
遵循原则:主过从过,主现主将从任意
主过从过:这是高频考点,主句是一般过去时,从句用与过去相关的时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时)
如:
1、错误: I thought (that) you are right.
正确: I thought (that) you were right.
主句thought是一般过去时,从句不能用一般现在时
特例:1、从句是定理法则、客观事实真理时,时态不受主句限制,始终用一般现在时。
She told me there aresixty minutes in an hour.
2、 could、would 在主句中出现时表达的是委婉语气,按一般现在时处理,不要按照一般过去时处理
Couldyou l me who is in the classroom now? 主现从任意
主现主将从任意:主句是一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时或一般将来时,在从句按逻辑关系该用什么时态就用什么时态,可不是想用什么就用什么哦
其中常考的是主句是一般现在时的情况。
第三步:结合语义,选好连接词
宾语从句的词叫连接词,也叫关联词。宾语从句有以下连接词:
1、连词 that:
1)无词义,不做宾语从句成分;
2)一般可以省略。
如:He knew (that) he should work hard.
I am glad (that) you’ve passed the exam.
以下情况that 不可以省略,简单了解一下,很少做为考点。
a. 宾语从句主语是that时;
He says that thatis useful book.
b. 含有主从复合句时;
I'm afraid thatif you've lost it, you must pay for it.
c. 有两个或更多个宾语从句时,除个that 可省外,其余都不可省。
He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
2、连词if和wher
1)汉语意思:是否,不做宾语从句成分;
2)不可以省略。
如:Could you l me wher/if he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning?
He asked me if/wher Miss Gao was a teacher.
以下情况只能用wher:
1)介词之后
如:Good marks depend onwher you he tried your best.
2)后面有or not
如:He asked me wher I would go there by bike or not.
3)后面是to do (单纯为二者区别,不在宾语从句考点中)
如:He didn't decide wher to go.
3、疑问词做连接词:共9个,8个wh+how
who whom whose which what why when where how
1)具有不同的汉语意思,做宾语从句成分;
2)不可以省略。
如:Can you l me whom/whohe is waiting for?
注意相同词义的who和whom区别:
whom做宾语
who可做主语,也可以做宾语
其他根据汉语意思使用即可,不一一列举。
考试点拨:连接词的选择主要根据汉语意思,再注意相同汉语意思的wher和if、who和whom区别即可
小结:判断是否为正确的宾语从句其实就是七个字:语序、时态、连接词
讲了这么多,咱们就着哈尔滨市2019年中考试题看一下解题思路的三步
12. ——Excuse me, could you l me __________?
——Certainly. Go along the street and you will find it on the right.
A. how can I get to the radio station
B. how I can get to the radio station
C. why I can get to the radio station
解题思路如下:
语序:A 排除,can 在 I 前面,不是陈述语序
时态:三个中can是相同的,此项不用考虑
连接词:回答是指路,C排除
得到正确B
你明白了吗?
下面说一下两转:那么除了以上考点以外,中考中宾语从句还会以什么形式对大家进行考查呢?
这就是“两转”——否定转移以及同义句转换。
大家思考一下这句话用宾语从句如何去表达:我认为明天他不会去那。
可能有的学生根据汉语习惯马上就说出来了:I think hewon't go there tomorrow.
对不起,这种方法是不正确的。为什么呢?
一、 当主句的谓语是think, beli, supe, imagine、guess、consider、expect等时,否定不用在从句中,要转移到主句中,这种现象叫做否定转移,或否定前移或否定前置。但是还需要满足两个条件:
1、主句的主语是人称;
2、主句为一般现在时。
那么“我认为明天他不会去那”的正确说法就是:I don't think he will go there tomorrow.
再举几个例子,大家再体会一下。
我相信你不会抄他的作业的。
I don't beli you copied his homework.
我期盼他没有考试不及格。
I don't expect that he failed in the exam.
不转移的情况也存在,相对比较复杂,哈尔滨市中考考点中没有涉及到,此处暂不赘述。
这就是个转:否定转移。下面我们来看第二个"转”:
二、同义句转换:
哈尔滨市中考中任务性阅读题型中有2分的同义句转换,宾语从句可以在此题中进行考查。
大家看这两个句子:
1、Ihope that I can spend the summer vacation with you.
2、I hope that shecan spend the summer vacation with you.
有没有别的说法呢?
聪明的你们一定能发现,句可以说成:
I hope to spend the summer vacation with you.
那第二句呢?是否也可以象如上那样说呢?那两句话的汉语意思就没有区分了,实际上却是不一样的。
所以第二句是不能变的。这就是我们要讲的转换的种情况 ,相信大家通过观察也总结出来了:
(一)、当宾语从句与主句的主语相同,主句谓语是hope, wish, agree, choose等后面可以+to do结构的动词时, 宾语从句可转化为“to do"。
再看个例子:She agreed that she would go there toger.
She agreed ______ ________there toger.
很明显了,to go
下面我们看第二种情况:
I don't know what I should do with this book.
I don't know ______ ______ do with this book.
聪明的你一定会举一反三,根据种情况得出了吧。
(二)、当宾语从句与主句主语相同,宾语从句的连接词为疑问词时,宾语从句可转化为“疑问词+不定式(to do)”
再来看个例子:
She remembered when she should finish her homework.
She rememberedwhen to finish her homework.
如果同义句转换不是以上两种情况,你就需要开动你的脑筋了,你的灵活性很重要。
如:I don't beli what the girl said.
I don't beli the _______ _______. (girl's words)
这种是没有什么规律性的知识点,就需要大家平时多积累哟!
这就是宾语从句的“两转”,三步加两转,宾语从句的全部知识就在里面了。细节决定成败,这句话在英语学习中简直是至理名言,细细地掌握好每个知识点,你就会是最棒的!
用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句(object clause)。宾语从句中的语序是陈述句的语序。在学习宾语从句时要得法,抓住要点。
一、宾语从句中的时态。
1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时或一般将来时,从句的时态则根据具体情况或具体意义来确定。如:
① I don't know when he came back.
② Do you know where they will go this summer holiday?
③He is worried about wher he has passed the English exam.
④ Please l us what we should do next, OK?
⑤ Will you please l me how I can get to the t off?
2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态则相应地使用一般过去时/过去将来时/过去完成时/过去进行时等。如:
① He said that he didn't find your lost pen.
② My parents told me that they would go to Beijing.
③ The polman asked him what he was doing at midnight yesterday.
④ I told you yesterday that I had returned your book. Why do you ask for it again?
3.如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观真理、自然现象、名言警句或谚语等,不管主句是什么时态,从句都用原时态。如:
① Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
② When I was young, my father often told me that knowledge is power (力量).
二、宾语从句前通常需要有词。
1. 如果宾语从句是由陈述句转变而来的,其词用that,常可以省略。如:
I hope (that) I can study English better.
2. 如果宾语从句是由一般疑问句转变而来的,其词使用if / wher, 意为"是否"。 如:
Mr Chen asked , "Are you all here?"→Mr Chen asked if / wher we were all here.
3. 如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转变而来的,其词使用连接代词what / which /who / whose 或 连接副词when / where / why / how 等。这些连接词都要充当从句中的一个成分,故不能省略。如:
Tom asked me, "When did you begin to study English?"
→Tom asked me when I began to study English.
▲掌握宾语从句的语序。▲掌握宾语从句的各种连词。
▲掌握宾语从句中,主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应。
【课前准备】要求学生回顾宾语从句的概念及其用法,并用各种词各造一个句子。
【知识要点】
1.宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语,从句放在主句之后,前后不用逗号分开。
2.宾语从句的词有:
连词that(在口语中that常可省略),if,
wher,如:
He
knows
that
Jim
will
work
hard.
连接代词who,
whom,
which等,如:
Do
you
know
who
(whom)
they
are
waiting
for?
连接副词when,
where,
how,
why等,如:Could
you
l
me
how
we
can
get
to
the
station?
3.wher和if都有“是否”的意思,一般情况下两者可以换用,但在介词之后,
不定式之前,与or
not连用,在句首或在表语从句,同位语从句时,只能用wher,如:I
want
to
know
if/wher
the
news
is
true.
He
doesn't
know
wher
to
stay
or
not?
4.宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
5.宾语从句一定要注意时态呼应,即:当主句谓语动词是过去式时,从句中谓语动
词也要用过去范畴的时态,但若从句陈述的是真理或客观规律,其谓语的时态仍用一般现在时,如:
He
asked
who
could
answer
the
question.
My
father
told
me
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
6.一个宾语从句只能用一个连词。
7.当主句谓语动词是think,
beli等动词时,宾语从句的否定意义要放到主句中。另外,当主句主语为人称时,后面若接附加疑问句,那么附加疑问句的主语、谓语应与从句中的主谓语保持一致。如:
Idon't
think
he
looks
like
his
father,
does
he?
8.直接引语和间接引语也是宾语从句,直接引语是引述别人的原话,放在引号内,
不用连词联接;间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,通常用连接词与主句联接。
(1)陈述句变为以that的宾语从句,如:
He
said,“I'm
happy.”[FY()[FY]]He
said
that
he
was
happy.
(2)一般疑问句变为if(wher)的宾语从句,如:
He
asked
me,“Does
his
father
know
Mr
Green?”
---He
asked
me
if
his
father
knew
Mr
Green.
(3)特殊疑问句变为由who,
what,
where,
how等疑问词(连接代词或连接副词)的宾语从句,如:
He
asked
me,“Where
is
Mr
Wang?”
---He
asked
me
where
Mr
Wang
was.
注意上述例句中连词、时态、语序等变化。
宾语从句,简单来讲,就是做宾语的句子。换句话说,如果一个小分句,在整个句子中做宾语,那这个找到分句就是一个宾语从句。
搞懂宾语从句,首先得了解句子结构,了解宾语的位置。一般情况下,宾语,谓语动词,介词或系动词之后。
这个是条件状语从句吧。。。
比如说I
will
l
you
soming interesting
if
Iam
free.
(如果我有时间的话我会告诉你一些有趣的东西。)因为主语是在“有空”的条件下才能“告诉”,所以“if
Iam
free”是修饰动词“l”的,则“if
Iam
free”是条件状语,“I
will
l
you
soming interesting”
是主句,所以在这个复合句子中,时态不同。
“在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,表示将来时态,主句是一般将来时态,从句要用一般现在时”这是一条语法规则,是要记住的。
宾语从句说的是英语宾语从句的话,那就是主语谓语之后后缀的部分
宾语从句讲解视频,快来看一看吧
时态
谓语动词的三种情况
1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时
一个句子来作宾语
I think you are right
you are right 是宾语从句
if 的宾语从句
宾语从句讲解
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。,用来充作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。如:
He asked what you were doing last night. 他问你昨天夜晚在干什么。
I didn’t know that he was wounded in the accident. 我原来不知道他在那中受了伤。
Can you explain why he didn’t e to the party last Sunday? 你能解释上周星期日他为什么没有来参加聚会吗?
,在宾语从句中须注意:
,1. that 在口语中常被省略,但在正式的文体中,不能省;并且它一般不能介词的宾语从句,但可except, but, in 等少数介词的宾语从句。如:
I didn’t know (that) he was Li Lei. 我不知道他就是李蕾。
I will do anything I can to you except that I’m ill. 只要我身体舒服,我愿做任何事情来帮助你。
,2. 宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时,一般须用it作形式宾语,把宾语从句放到句末,此时的that不能省。如:
The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys. 那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的玩具。
,3. 动词aise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张), order, proe, request, suggest(建议)等代的宾语从句须用虚拟语气,即:(should) do的形式。
He asked that we (should) get there before nine o’clock. 他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。
The teacher aised us that we (should) not waste our time. 老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。
,4. 宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。
1)当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时,从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态表示。如:
He always says that he is our good friend. 他总是说他是我们的。
When the teacher knows what we he done, he will say that we he done a good deed. 当老师知道我们所干的事情时,他会说我们做了一件好事。
2)当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时,从句的谓语动词须用响应的过去时。如:
He didn’t l us he came from Shanghai. 他没有告诉我们他来自上海。
He said he had read the book. 他说他读过这本书。
3)但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实,而不受时间的限制时,即使主句谓语动词为过去时,从句仍用一般现在时。
Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are tigers. 说一切者都是纸老虎。
When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world. 我们还是小孩子的时候,人们就告诉我们说在世界的东方。
英语宾语从句解析
“宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。下面由我告诉大家什么叫宾语从句,希望可以给你带来帮助!
宾语从句
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who,what,which等。如:
Could you l me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道吗?
The all children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西?
2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which,how many,how much, when,why,how,where,if /wher(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you l me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。
2.连接词
1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或wher,意为“是否”。如:
I don't know if /wher he still lives here after so many years.我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
但在下列情况下只能用wher:
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用wher(if…or not也可以使用)。如:
Let me know wher /if he will come or not.(=Let me know wher or not he will come)让我知道他是否能来。
I don't know wher /if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know wher or not he does any washing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。
I wonder wher we stay or wher wego.我不知道我们是去还是留。
②在介词之后用wher。如:
I'm interested in wher he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about wher we can finish the work on time.我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。
I worry about wher I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用wher。如:
He hasn't decided wher to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
I don't know wher to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided wher to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④wher置于句首时,不能换用if。如:
Wher this is true or not,I can't say.这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤主语从句和表语从句时宜用wher。如:
Wher she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。
The question is wher we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。
⑥若用if会引起歧义时,则用wher。如:
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:
a.Please let me know wher you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。
b.If you like the book,please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我。
3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词。如:
Could you l me why you were late for the meeting this morning?你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗?
3.时态
含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容:
1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态。如:
I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他将何时回来。
He ls me that his sister came back yesterday.他告诉我昨天回来了。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的.谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如:
①The children didn't know who he was.孩子们不知道他是谁。
②He asked his father how it happened.他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时。如:
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老师说地球绕着太阳转。
4.注意:
if和when既可以宾语从句,也可以状语从句,应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when宾语从句时,分别意为“是否”和“何时”,其时态应和主句时态相呼应;它们状语从句时,意思分别为“如果,如”和“当……时候”,当主句时态是一般将来时时,其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如:
—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ?你知道他明天什么时候回来吗?
—Sorry,I don't know.When he comes back,I'll l you.对不起,不知道。当他回来了,我将告诉你。
—I don't know if he will come.我不知道他是否会来。
—He will come if it doesn't rain.如果不下雨,他会来的。
英语宾语从句知识点
一.宾语从句的定义
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
二.宾语从句中词的用法
在复合句中作主句的宾语,词有:
连词:that (that 常可省略),wher, if 。代词:who, whose, what ,which 。副词:when ,where, how, why 等。(一)that的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)
可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, supe, see, beli, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, not, prefer, request, require, proe, declare, report等。
例句:The boy belis that he will trel through space to other planets.
注意事项:当主句谓语动词是 think, beli, supe, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
例句:I don't think it is right for him to treat you like that.
在以下情况中that不能省略
1当句中的动词后接多于两个由that的宾语从句时,个that可省,但后面的that不可省。
例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to l you.
2当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。
例句:Just then I notd, for the first time, that our was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
3当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。
例句:I can't l him that his mother died.
注意事项:许多带复合宾语的句子,that的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it作形式宾语。
例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.
(二)由wher,if 的宾语从句
由wher(if)的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是"是否"。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来,在宾语从句中wher与if可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if与wher是不能互换的。
例句:I wonder wher(if) they will come to our party.
只能用wher,不能用if的宾语从句
在带to的不定式前
例句:We decided wher to walk there.
1在介词的后面 例句:I'm thinking of wher we should go to see the film.
2在动词后面的宾语从句 例句:We discussed wher we had a sports meeting next week
3直接与or not连用时 例句:I can't say wher or not thet can come on time.
只能用if不能用wher的宾语从句
1 if条件状语从句,意为"如果" 例句:The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.
2 if否定概念的宾语从句时 例句:He asked if I didn't come to school yesterday.
3 状语从句n if(即使)和as if(好象)时 例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.
(三)连接代词和连接副词的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是:see, say, l, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, rm, aise等。
英语中的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
例句:Can you l me whom you are waiting for?
英语中的连接副词有:when,where,why,how,在句中担任状语的成分。
例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
三.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。 例句如下:1 I don't know what they are looking for. 2 Could you l me when the train will lee?
3 Can you imagine what kind of man he is?
四.宾语从句的时态
1主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。例句:The head hopes rything goes well.
2主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
例句:She was sorry that she hadn't finished her work on time.
3 当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
例句:The teacher told his class that light trels faster than sound.
五.宾语从句的特点
1宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。 2 宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
3连接词that宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成份,多数情况下可以省略。
4wher 和 if 都可宾语从句,但 wher后可紧跟or not;wher从句可作介词的宾语。
5 如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it.
介词的宾语从句
用wh-类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about wher we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
形容词的宾语从句
常用来宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I he troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
英语宾语从句的三个难点
一、宾语从句与形式宾语it
当宾语从句后跟有宾语补足语时,通常在宾语从句处使用形式宾语it,而将真正的宾语从句移至句末。如:
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你住这儿。
He hasnt made it known when he is going to get married. 他还没宣布他何时结婚。
二、连词that的省略问题
宾语从句的连词that 通常可以省略。如:
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that)I will be there. 我答应你我会去。
但是,有时为了强调,that的宾语从句可位于句首,此时that不可省略。如:
That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘,我是知道的。
三、宾语从句与否定转移
当动词think, beli, supe, expect, imagine 后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句时,其否定通常转移到主句。如:
I dont supe that it is true. 我认为那不是真的。
I dont imagine that he will come. 我想他不会来的。
;
英语宾语从句语法分析?
宾语从句英语语法解析1.当主句谓语动词是find,seewatch,hear等感官动词时,从句常简化为宾语+宾补结构,宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如:Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.2.当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forge,planagree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如Sheagreedthatshecouldmewithmymaths.Sheagreedtomewithmymaths.3.在连接代词/副词的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为连接代词/副词+不定式结构。如:CanyoulmehowIcangettothestation?Canyoulmehowtogettothestation?
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